Formosan Subterranean Termites

Insect Pest

Critical Threat

Affects: Both dead wood and living trees - will hollow out live oaks and other species from the inside

Photo: Gerald J. Lenhard / Louisiana State University Ag Center (CC-BY-3.0-US (Bugwood))

Identification & Biology

The most destructive termite species in the US. Colonies can contain millions of individuals. Unlike native termites, Formosans build above-ground carton nests IN living trees, consuming heartwood while the tree appears healthy from outside.

Current Status

Established throughout Gulf Coast. Expanding range northward.

States affected:

Alabama Florida Georgia Louisiana Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Texas

What Homeowners Should Do

Have trees inspected for carton nests (dark, spongy material inside cavities). Signs include swarm holes in bark (spring), mud tubes on trunk. Treatment: in-ground bait stations + tree injection.